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Multivariate ENSO index : ウィキペディア英語版 | Multivariate ENSO index The multivariate ENSO index, abbreviated as MEI, is a method used to characterize the intensity of an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. Given that ENSO arises from a complex interaction of a variety of climate systems, MEI is regarded as the most comprehensive index for monitoring ENSO since it combines analysis of multiple meteorological and oceanographic components.〔Mazzarella, A., A. Giuliacci, and N. Scafetta. ("Quantifying the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) Coupling to CO2 Concentration and to the Length of Day Variations." ) Theoretical and Applied Climatology 111.3 (2013): 601-7.〕 == Overview ==
MEI is determined as the first principal component of six different parameters: sea level pressure, zonal and meridional components of the surface wind, sea surface temperature, surface air temperature and cloudiness using data from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS ).〔Wolter, Klaus. ("Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI)." ) NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory - Physical Sciences Division. National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration, n.d. Web. 24 Oct. 2013.〕 MEI is calculated twelve times per year for each “sliding bi-monthly season”, characterized as January–February, February–March, March–April, and so on.〔 Large positive MEI values indicate the occurrence of El Niño conditions, while large negative MEI values indicate the occurrence of La Niña conditions.〔
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